The necessity of introduction of biotenergy and biogeotechnologies became especially aktual\'noy for a world association because of danger of global change of climate from extrass in the environment of the so-called hotbed gases - products of incineration and chemical transformations of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas). Russia is a subject and object of Kiotskogo of Protocol. In his scopes countries-participants are obligated to provide the decline of extrass of hotbed gases in an atmosphere. When trees perish on natural reasons and their biomassa decomposes, carbonic acid again passes to the free state. Therefore, formation of carbonic acid at incineration, and also at thermal and chemical transformations of wood does not join in balance of general extrass and examined as a natural background. This situation formed a world tendency to expulsing of anthracite coal and nefteproduktov, traditionally utillized in energy and technology, by wood and as by a fuel, and as by raw material for chemical transformations. White-book of ES puts a purpose - to triple the use of biotenergy to 2010. Our European neighbours show, therefore, particular interest to possibilities of export from Russia of waste-woods and commodity products got from them. The use of arboreal raw material will allow considerably to economize facilities, and also to get economic values from the improvement of care of the forest, from making healthy of environment, from creation of new workplaces. The receipt of products from wood by influence a high temperature belongs to the number the most ancient technologies in history of humanity. Archaeological excavations testify that yet spelaean people knew a charcoal. He was collected on pozharischakh or did specially, zasypaya an ash the smouldering charred logs, and taking shelter in caves from a bad weather, utillized as a fuel, not causing carbon-monoxide fumes. Probably, the first metal was smelted by chance, when stone which was assess a hearth with conflagrant coals appeared rudoy. From the beginning of bronze age a charcoal became one of bases of developing civilization. Unthinkable to present Russian the country without a smithy. To bind with a metal a wooden plough, forge horseshoes, make the great number of the articles of way of life it was possible only in kuzne, working on a charcoal. To the name of dynasty of Demidovykh development is related not only metallurgies on Ural but also uglezhzhenie. High-quality malleable, plastic cast-iron turns out only on a charcoal. His special properties allowed to create all of remarkable cast-iron ogrady and many monuments of Petersburg. Until now this cast-iron is cooked on Ural for the artistic casting. Absence harmful for many technologies of phosphorus, grey, heavy metals, possibility of making of various sorbentov, allow a charcoal and now to remain one of important products. Far such varieties of the thermal processing of wood, as production of tar, go away to history, pine resin of \"ikryanki\". At the beginning of Great Patriotic war military efficiency of aviation in a great deal depended on making of ethyl-acetate - basis of airplane varnish. An ethyl-acetate was made out of ac.a., got during gasification of wood. For development of technology of catching of this connection of lesokhimiki A.A.Derevyagin, A.A.Liverovskiy and V.A.Lyamin in a height war got the Stalin bonus of the first degree equally with the designers of weapon, creators of armour and explosives. For that time this was the higher measure of confession of merits and contribution to the matter of defensive. Production of charcoal. Today in about 9 million t/god of charcoal is the world made. More than 7,5 million tons from this amount do Brazil. Multiforest Russia makes 100 thousands of t/god little anymore (in eve alteration 350 tys.t/god was made). There is backlog of demand on a charcoal. To Russia bring in coal from Byelorussia and Ukraine, from China. An absorbent carbon supplied with China to Russia to the latest time, now began to supply with crystalline silicon which is also done on a charcoal.There are a few varieties of charcoal, related to different technology of making and features of raw material. For example, in Japan demand is very great on the so-called “white” coal, burned out from Far-Eastern ferrous oak. Some foreign firms make as a fuel for fire-places and grills “red coal”, got soft uglezhzheniem at a low temperature. Preferable raw material for uglezhzheniya is tverdolistvennaya wood. More durable and dense coal turns out from it. In new terms raw material for uglezhzheniya is all more frequent become by the offcuts of coniferous breeds, aspen, shrub. To make out of them high-quality coal it is possible, if to make coal on exhaust technology and briketirovat\'. At thermal disintegration of wood besides a charcoal, liquid and gaseous products appear. Liquid products go out from a hot area partly in a tiny phase, partly in pair, forming parogazovuyu mixture together with uncondensible gases. To the second third 20 ages these products were no less claimed, what coal. But at the end of age they were forced out more cheap, made on the basis of synthesis from nefteproduktov and natural gas. It a circumstance and change of transport tariffs was done by existing factories unprofitable and they pereprofilirovalis\' or halted existence. A place is sainted is not emptily. A requirement not simply remained in a charcoal, but changed on principle. If before basic users were metallurgists and manufacturers of active coals for nuclear refuges, now greater part of coal is consumed in the way of life. It is impossible to say that primitive options, expulsion parogazy in an environment, appeared only after the shipwreck of industrial uglezhzheniya. Cinicheskiy approach on principle “after us though a flood” is rather necessary to be considered the inheritance of times, when the “urgent necessities of national economy” were put higher than survival of nature and health of naselen\'ya. But in our time psychology pitiless those, who considers enriching the unique and all by an exculpatory criterion caught up to nature and people. The mode of pyrolysis influences determining appearance on an output and composition of products, but other things being equal an output depends on the breed of the processed wood and part of tree, subject to pyrolysis. In an industrial production an output of coal often is notedly less than, than calculation. The most widespread reasons are a hit of oxygen of air in a vehicle, because of what burning down of part of coal, and also features of the mode and loss is at overloads, exception from balance of the braize sifted from and burned on the production. The lowest output of coal turns out wherein internal teplonositel\' (stoves of UVP, “Alenka”, “Bezzol\'naya”, CNIIME, ППУ-м and other), containing oxygen is entered in a vehicle. The high-quality is consider for most directions of consumption coal prokalka of which is completed at 450...5500Ñ. Technology of production of charcoal is relatively simple. But, all the same, requires the certain culture of production. The output of coal goes down otherwise, coal turns out treschinovatyy, shallow, smelling resins, nedozhzhennyy. Other things being equal an output depends on the breed of the processed wood and part of tree, subject to pyrolysis. Most widespread reasons of decline of output, it is a hit of oxygen of air in a vehicle, because of what burning down of part of coal, and also features of the mode and loss is at overloads, exception from balance of the braize sifted from and burned on the production. The high-quality for a domestic consumption is consider coal containing 80 - 82% non-flying carbon. But many producers are not able to control a process, and at the market often there is coal, containing non-flying carbon 92 - 94%. Such coal turns out almost on the third less than. Thus time of his stay in a vehicle anymore and the resource of equipment is lost yet and. The overincandesced coal is less designated and losses at rasseve are higher. Besides, domestic users do not grant him, because he is worse kindled. For the row of industrial aims well prokalennyy coal is needed vice versa. An additional problem consists of that a standard of prices is in industry, as a rule, below, than for the way of life at strickter requirements to quality.