TYPOLOGY of HABITATION

 the House as a symbol the House it not only habitation, but also the major symbol of Terrestrial existence. From the Greek word - the house there was a name of ecology. From latin domus in different European languages such basic concepts as the property, possession, authority, the sovereign right were formed. The house is the most often meeting word in the Bible. Expression is known: "We create to ourselves houses, and then they create us". It could be paraphrased without the big exaggeration as follows: " We create to ourselves dwellings, and then they form our world ". For the last the industrial epoch has cardinally changed one and a half centuries character mass habitation that could such as affect in the image culture, mass psychology, social and economic attitudes, etc. Ecological habitation the present moment spontaneously there are houses of new type usually named ecological and which have all the bases to become the basic kind of habitation of a postindustrial epoch. Briefly the house is the individual or blocked house with a site of the ground, being considerably economical and is not enough waste, healthy and arranged well, nonaggressive in relation to an environment. It is reached mainly by application of independent or small collective engineering life-support systems and a rational building design of the house. That is important, it possesses these qualities not only as separately

taken, but also is system - with industrial systems all municipal and serving it. In our opinion such qualities houses from round logs.но a choice possess, certainly, remains for you. Round a log of natural humidity This log last processing on special machine tools and having a certain structure. Quality of a created surface depends on type and a level of used machine tools. Distinguish machine tools lingering and центровые, and also machine tools for cutting "cups" Before to begin manufacturing of a wooden circle, logs are sorted on diameter, and then started up in processing. After giving to a log of the certain structure and cutting of "CUPS" a log protection against wreckers special structures on a water basis to save a log from influence of weather conditions during transportation and assembly of a building. This of antiseptics for preliminary processing does not cork capillaries of wood that allows a log natural to dry being already in a structure and to not be exposed to fungoid disease that it is accepted to name "blue". As a rule on drying of a building leaves from 4 till 6 months (depends on a season when installation is made) then the log once again becomes covered from the external party of a building by other kind the antiseptics protecting it from moisture hits rotting, bugs. As during shrinkage on a surface of a log fibers, after the termination of this process for giving to a wall of ideally smooth surface rise, logs inside of a building are ground and varnish. Houses from made round logs are ideally entered in natural a landscape, and also possess both modern convenience and a traditional cosiness. Unfortunately, for this category a wall a material necessarily application of coupling designs - so-called "шпилечная system". This technology allows to supervise and adjust reduction of the size buildings at not to uniform shrinkage of walls external up to 16-18 % and internal up to 12-14 % that is natural process at damp a wall a material. Covering passes systems in first two years with intensity once in a quarter. At use of this technology the factor thermal protections increases, the wall becomes more monolithic. Only at use dried connected with помощю glue of the necessary form a wall a material we leave from problems non-uniform усадки buildings (шпилечная the system is not necessary), occurrences of cracks logs, application between timbered heaters, and many other things problems of wooden designs from materials of natural humidity, that certainly gives enormous advantage dried клеёному профилированному to a material. Introduction of modern technologies in building manufacture sometimes collide with obstacles as objective and subjective character. So, serious a problem of the market of building services are the manufacturing techniques and installation of modern houses from made round logs.

 Some building terms

BEAM - a continuous or compound core, it is usual призматической the forms, applied for overlapping premises.

CONCRETE - a mix of gravel, rubble, a pebble with a solution of cement or other knitting materials, getting after drying greater hardness. It is applied as a building material.

 The WREATH - mutually connected four logs (bar) making one horizontal number wooden рубленой of construction.

The VERANDAH - the open to house open or glazed gallery attached to the house with a roof.

RELEASES - in wooden architecture the ends of the logs which have been let out support, galleries, platforms of trailing rings.

 ROOF - the top environment of a roof consisting from water-proof so-called without the water admission of a carpet and the basis in the form of обрешетки, a flooring or the continuous plates stacked on rafters and beams of a roof.

The PORCH trailing - a porch leaning columns and on the ends of logs acting from most the wooden house

The PAW (in a paw) - cutting down of logs on corners without the rest, that is without the let out ends of a log.

The LUNETTE (from. lunnette): the field of a wall limited by an arch and its support, often decorated by picturesque or sculptural images.

The PLATBAND - a frame of a door or window aperture.

PILASTERS () (from) - a flat vertical ledge in a wall, processed in forms of a column of the warrant, i.e. having base, a trunk and a capital, and sometimes and каннелюры.

The PLINTH (from греч.) - Wooden профилированный брусок along internal walls of the building, closing a crack between a wall and a floor. - the top, constantly extending part сруба, carrying out architecturally - a constructive role of an eaves.

The EXTENSION - a kind of reconstruction of the buildings, connected with their integration, replacement of the separate worn out parts on new or giving to a building of new functional features. RUN - the main beam on which minor beams, in turn, keep within. The main beam directly keeps within on basic parts (columns, walls).

FLIGHT - distance between support.

The ARCH - overlapping or the covering of constructions having the geometrical form, formed by a curvilinear surface.

The DRIPSTONE - taken out a plate - the basic part of an eaves.

The RACK - a column serving by a support to overlapping. RAFTERS - a design supporting slopes of a roof.

The FACADE. - external, a face sheet of a building.

 The PEDIMENT (from франц.) - the top part of a facade in the form of a triangle, limited by two slopes of a roof.

 The BASE - the bottom basic part of a construction hidden under the ground.

The BAY WINDOW (from it.) - a part of internal volume of the building, born for limits of its external walls and acting on a facade in the form of the closed balcony